The founders of SMGEO speaks about Gender Equality !!

Gender equality is more than a goal in itself. It is a precondition for meeting the challenge of reducing poverty, promoting sustainable development and building good governance.

From the right The SMGEO executive secretary Mr Bonifasi Mhanga and Managing Director of SMGEO Mr Eric Samuel continues with their daily activities at Dar es Salaam., Tanzania.

Inequality between women and men has been clearly identified as one of the causes blocking development over the last two decades.

It is often difficult to establish evidence based causal links between impacts of gender inequality on a country’s development because of the lack of available sex-disaggregated data.

And because of limited data, we also can’t capture the complexity of gender inequality in different contexts (such as looking at the gender specific effects of public investment cuts for example).

One way to measure gender inequality is to look at the differences for women and men in areas such as education, health, decision making and access to economic opportunities.

Analysis based on quantitative data reveals that considerable progress has been made in terms of women’s access to education and healthcare in different regions. 

However, this level of analysis doesn’t show how gender inequality influences policies. This is why we decided to dig deeper.

For instance, increasingly, many governments in this region decided to invest in education, in part to encourage participation in the labour market – which would then boost economic development.

However, most investments supported by education policies are gender blind: data from all countries in the region reveal that investments in education produce distinct outcomes for women and men:

• Women outnumber men in universities
• Working women have higher university degrees than men

But investments in education are not directly leading to women participating in the labour market. On average, in the region, women represent 44 percent of the workforce.

So, why is it that the gains in women’s education don’t increase the number of women in the workforce? And how can we change it?

The reason why investments and education policies are producing different outcomes for women and men is because they happen in societies where gender inequality is deeply entrenched.

Gender inequality is often driven by existing gender stereotypes that determine how we perceive the roles of women and men in society.

Investment in education can actually reinforce existing patterns of gender inequality.

In university, women are typically over-represented in subjects such as health, social science and education, and consequently, these choices influence their job choices, and in the long run, their competitiveness in the labour market.

Women also tend to be over represented in public employment (health, education), and consequently, they are less likely than men to be re-employed in similar jobs in the private sector, putting them at a disadvantage if they lose their job – not to mention increasing state investment in social benefits.

In a time of the financial constraints, this situation represents a waste of resources and consequently, impedes development progress.

Even though the loss cannot be estimated in actual cash terms and detailed impact cannot be established for each country because of limited data available in the region, we wanted to give it a try.

Our organization has started to establish campaign and project on gender issues  and development in Tanzania Mainland.

join to us,

SMGEO founders

smgeo2015@gmail.com

7 of the biggest achievements of women in science !!

Emily Shackleton for Metro.co.ukW

Women and science: It’s complicated (Picture: Culture Club/Getty Images)

Women and science haven’t always had the easiest relationship.

Even today as people, women only make up 14.4 per cent of people in STEM careers according to the latest statistics from the Women in Science and Engineering campaign.

But still, for centuries there have been women who were determined and did prove all the doubters wrong.

Here are some of the biggest achievements in science done by women.

1) Discovered two elements and died from the cause – Marie Curie

Marie Curie (Picture: Underwood Archives/Getty Images)

She quite literally lived and died for her work. Marie Curie discovered two radioactive elements – polonium and radium – and won two Nobel prizes before succumbing to radioactivity exposure in 1934.

To this day her notebooks are too radioactive to handle without specialist equipment. The Marie Curie charity that provides care and support to people with terminal illnesses and their families is named after her.

2) First female qualified doctor – Elizabeth Anderson

Cartoon from Punch in 1865 examining attitudes towards female doctors (Picture: Oxford Science Archive/Print Collector/Getty Images)

Elizabeth was inspired to become a doctor after meeting the first female doctor in the U.S, Elizabeth Blackwell, giving her a resolute determination to become a doctor herself, despite all obstacles.

When no medical school would allow her to study alongside male doctors, she attempted a number of strategies to become qualified. As a nursing student at Middlesex Hospital she would sneak into medical lectures, and even got herself banned from classes with male colleagues after complaints.

Even after she got a medical degree in Paris, she wasn’t allowed on the British Medical Register until an act legalising women entering the profession was passed.

A lesson in never giving up.

3) Worked on the first atom bomb – Chien-Shiung Wu

Physicist Dr. Chien-Shiung Wu standing amidst tubes of a particle accelerator at Columbia University. (Picture: Robert W. Kelley/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images)

Often referred to as the First Lady of Physics, Chien-Shiung has become known for her work on the Manhattan project that led to the first and so far only use of nuclear weapons in warfare.

She caught the attention of the U.S. government for her work in nuclear fission and was invited to work on the project at Columbia University. She helped to develop a process that enabled large extractions of uranium to be used as the bomb’s fuel.

After WWII, she remained at Colombia until her retirement.

4) Developed the drug that first gave hope to people with HIV and AIDS – Gertrude B Elion

Gertrude Elion gave many hope (Picture: Wikipedia)

The treatment of HIV has come a long way since the 1980s epidemic, and that’s partly down to this woman.

After her retirement in 1983, she oversaw the adaption of azidothymide, which would become the first drug to be used to treat AIDS.

In particular, it reduced the replication of the virus in a person’s system and prevented transmission between mother and child during birth.

5) Discovered comets and was the UK’s first female recognised scientist – Caroline Hershe

Engraving showing the astronomer Caroline Herschel (Picture: SSPL/Getty Images)

The German British astronomer’s most significant contributions to science were a number of comets, including the periodic comet 35P/Herschel–Rigollet, though she is remembered also for being the first woman to be recognised and paid for her achievements, being awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Oh, and she lived until she was 97. What a badass.

6) First person to be accepted in chimpanzee society – Jane Goodall

She knew how to make friends among the primates (Picture: LLUIS GENE/AFP/Getty Images)

Her groundbreaking research and unusual methods have brought her criticism and praise alike.

During her 55-year-study of chimpanzees and their behaviour in social and family situations, contemporaries expressed concern over her method of naming the animals she was examining instead of numbering them.

She observed human behaviours among chimpanzees, including hugs, kisses and pats on the back.

7) Paved the way for IVF treatment – Anne McClaren

Millions of families have this woman to thank for their ability to have children (Source: Wikipedia)

Parents everywhere who needed medical help to conceive their much-wanted children have this woman to thank.

Her work as a leading figure in developmental biology, such as mouse embryonic transfer, helped to develop the techniques used in human IVF.

A firm believer in family time, as a professor she always ticked off married students working late in the laboratory, insisting they should be at home during the evenings.

Read more: http://metro.co.uk/2015/10/14/7-of-the-biggest-achievements-of-women-in-science-5437256/#ixzz4BdvvcN7L

12 Things Successful Women Do Differently

GETTY

Every woman has her own definition of success. But there are certain traits that most successful women share.

I spend a good part of my work day reading and writing about women who have achieved great things — and I make it a point to surround myself with women who are well on their way to doing so.

Here are 12 things I’ve learned that successful women do differently:

1. They are deeply passionate about what they do.
“Without passion, all the skill in the world won’t lift you above craft,” wrote dancer Twyla Tharp in her book, The Creative Habit. If you don’t love what you do, you’re probably not going to be motivated to go above and beyond, to innovate and to stand out in the workplace. But if you’re passionate about your career, it will make putting time and effort into it pleasurable, not a chore.

2. They don’t expect perfection — of themselves or those around them.
Research has shown that wasting time and energy trying to be “perfect” only leads to unhappiness. Successful women know that that they can’t do everything well all the time. Beating yourself up for your perceived flaws will only dampen your abilities at work, not to mention your mental health. “We each, if we’re lucky, will have our chance to leave a mark on the world, but we are trying too hard to be perfect,”wrote Barnard president Debora Spar in an op-ed for Glamour magazine. “So don’t emulate Wonder Woman; think about what’s wonderful to you instead. Then boldly, audaciously, joyfully, leave the rest behind.”

3. Often, they become the boss. 
Many successful women have figured out that if you’re the boss, you can set your own rules. As editor-in-chief of Cosmopolitan Joanna Coles said at the Third Metric Conference in June: “The higher you go in a corporation, the easier it is ... The truth is you get more control.” And when you’re in control, you have the ability to create a more sane, happy and balanced workplace for yourself and your employees.

4. They marry well — or not at all.
Successful women know the value of a true partnership. As Sheryl Sandberg observed in Lean In: “I don’t know of a single woman in a leadership position whose life partner is not fully — and I mean fully — supportive of her career.” And many successful women forgo marriage all together. Despite not being wed, women like Oprah Winfrey, Condoleezza Rice and Diane Keaton seem to be doing just fine.

5. They believe that they will be successful.
Not to go all “If you build it, he will come,” on you, but believing in your own success — no matter how crazy your idea might seem — is integral to achieving it. Kay Koplovitz, founder of the USA Network, echoed this sentiment in a July interview. “You have to be comfortable that you can think your way through and actually execute your way through to the desired outcome,” she said. “I expected to be successful.” Bottom line? Confidence — and faith in yourself — is key.

6. They’re not afraid to take risks.
Sheryl Sandberg says that all women should ask themselves the question: “What would you do if you weren’t afraid?” Affecting change — in your career and beyond — requires the ability to stop playing it safe every once in awhile. Successful women don’t make reckless decisions, but they do know how to take a calculated risk. Sandberg took her own advice, and wrote the bestseller, Lean In.

7. They know that failure goes hand-in-hand with success. 
“Failure is not the opposite of success but a stepping stone to success,” was the advice given to Arianna Huffington by her mother, Elli Stassinopoulos. Successful women know that you can’t excel all the time, and that an inevitable part of taking leaps in your career is falling down sometimes. For example, 12 publishers rejected J.K. Rowling’s first Harry Potter book. But that didn’t stop her from continuing to send it out.

8. They take care of themselves physically.
“My morning run is when my head is most clear and when I synthesize all of the things that are going on in my head,” Jessica Herrin, founder of Stella and Dot, told The Huffington Post. Many successful women have spoken about the value of regular exercise — not because they are trying to be thin, but because they know that exercise relieves stress, releases endorphins and increases energy. “If I didn’t run, swim, or lift weights, I almost certainly would have killed someone by this point in my life,” wrote Debora Spar.

9. They know that their to-do lists will never be completed, and they’re okay with that.
Sometimes you can be more productive by accepting that you’re simply not going to get everything done. Learning to let go of certain goals, responsibilities and tasks can be difficult, but freeing. Arianna Huffington has spoken about how finally allowing herself to cross unrealistic goals off her lifelong “to do” list — in her case, learning German and becoming an expert skiier — relieved her of a huge burden. “Getting rid of the anxiety of perpetually unmet expectations was so great,” she said.

10. They make sure to schedule alone time.
Research has shown that women tend to prioritize domestic responsibilities such as housework and child care over themselves. Successful women know that they need to schedule alone time the same way they plan meetings, family dinners and networking events. “I’ve found if I don’t literally put pen to paper (or create a Google calendar appointment) and carve out an hour for myself, it never happens,” Mary Kate McGrath, editor in chief of PureWow told The Daily Muse in March. “So that’s what I do. I literally invite myself to manicures or an extra 20 minutes in bed, and I’ve been known to take myself out for a Manhattan once in a while, too. (I’m a great date.) And my new rule: I’m not allowed to cancel on myself.”

11. They know how to foster genuine relationships — and keep them strong.
Having a support network is key to being successful. Keeping up your friendships and forming new ones at every place you work makes you happier and helps your career later on. In 2009, Diablo Cody told the New York Times about the importance of her relationships with fellow female filmmakers Lorene Scafaria, Dana Fox and Liz Meriwether. “They helped me be excited for things when I was kind of shellshocked,” she said. “They were the ones who had to literally take me aside at the ‘Juno’ premiere and say: ‘This is fun. You will never forget this. Please enjoy yourself.’”

12. They express gratitude to those around them.
No woman’s success happens in a vacuum. Wildly successful women acknowledge those that support them every day — both in their home lives and at the office. And that graciousness not only makes them better people, but fosters loyalty from their employees. Oprah is one powerful woman who understands the value of appreciating her employees. In 2009, she took her entire staff and their families on a Mediterranean cruise.

marriage is not only wedding is just on how you handle relationship after marriage

we need to be full in love and real in action about  our heart to avoid divorce and break up in relationship.
love means prove how you care  unconditionally.